Islamic Calendar for North America (FCNA/ISNA)
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Click here for Calendar adopted by Fiqh Council of North America (FCNA) and Islamic Society of North America (ISNA), based on the criteria that the month begins, if (1) Moon is born before Makkah sunset, and (2) moon sets in Makkah after sunset.
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This book shatters the myth that naked-eye sighting of the new moon and completing 30 days in the case of weather-related or other obscurities are the only two valid methods of determining the month of Ramadan. The author explains that certainty, not actual sighting, is the real objective of the Shari'ah and that the Qur'an does not mandate physical sighting. A careful analysis shows that those hadiths that seemingly require sighting actually require certainty. The assertion that all Muslim scholars prohibit the use of astronomical calculations, both in affirming or negating the month of Ramadan, is not correct. As calculation is now more accurate than naked-eye sighting, due to certain astronomical and scientific advancements, the use of calculation is the closest to the real objective of the Shari'ah and to the spirit of the hadiths. [Paperback ISBN-10: 1-56564-334-8]
A Fiqhi Discussion in a Book by Dr. Zulfiqar Ali Shah. For more info, Click here
Further, listen to the following:
Moon Sighting Problems Video Part 1 of 3
Moon Sighting Problems Video Part 2 of 3
Moon Sighting Problems Video Part 3 of 3
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Makkah Hijri Calendar is based on the criteria that crescent is calculated to be visibile by naked eye in Makkah or anywhere in the world west of Makkah before the fajr time in Makkah (time interval to be converted into the degree interval defined as the Limiting Horizon - LH), then the new month is considered as begun, referred to Makkah. Obviously, if there is sighting before the fajr prayer in Makkah, at some Intermediary Horizon -IH , then the month will also be considered as begun.
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Suggested Global Islamic Calendar
(If Ulamaa' want to consider)Click here for detailed information
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Since Makkah is our Qibla, and is so dear place to every Muslim, almost every one would accept a Global Islamic Calendar based on Makkah. For that, here is a suggestion. If the moon is born before 3:00 PM Makkah time, then the month begins at sunset of that day everywhere in the world. If the moon is born after 3:00 PM Makkah time, then the month begins on the next day's sunset everywhere. At this cut-off point (3:00 PM Makkah time) the local time at International Dateline (IDL) would be 0:00 (Midnight). So, before a new day begins at IDL, if the moon is already born then the Islamic month begins starting from IDL. Remember, IDL has been universally accepted even by Muslims as the beginning of every day of the week. All Muslims pray Friday prayers on the same day that starts at IDL. Global Islamic Calendar should also follow the same convention of the day, so that the whole world can start Ramadan or Eid on the same day.
The moon born before 3:00 PM Makkah time has Imkaan-e-Ru'yah somewhere on earth, and the moon is born before the day begins at IDL, so the whole world can start the month on the same day. This 3:00 PM Makkah time translates to 12:00 UT. Since moon birth time is usually given in UT, it would be easy to see if the moon was born before 12:00 UT. This suggested Global Islamic Calendar is so easy to calculate for any ordinary Muslim that no calculations are required. All that is needed is New Moon Birth (Conjunction) time which is easily available from many sources on the Internet.
This suggested Global Islamic Calendar was also discussed at 1st Global Calendar Meeting in Morocco, November 2006 attended by representatives from various Islamic countries. It was further discussed at 2nd Emirates Astronomical Conference, May 30, 2010
People started understanding the importance of Global Islamic Calendar. See one web site "Time & Strategy".
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Updated January 18, 2012 Visitor #
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